Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the eastern part of North Africa.3 min / Deep Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages.3 min / Deep Discover: History of computingThe history of computing extends beyond the history of computing hardware and modern computing technology including earlier methods that relied on pen and paper or chalk and slate, with or without the aid of tables.3 min / Deep Discover: History of medicineThe history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.3 min / Deep Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the First Industrial Revolution in contrast to the subsequent Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succeeding the Second Agricultural Revolution.3 min / Deep Operation MincemeatOperation Mincemeat was a successful British deception operation of the Second World War to disguise the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily.3 min / Deep Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire was a state that dominated the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa during the classical period.3 min / Deep Silk RoadThe Great Silk Road was a network of Asian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.3 min / Deep Tulip maniaTulip mania (Dutch: tulpenmanie) was a period during the Dutch Golden Age when contract prices for some bulbs of the recently introduced and fashionable tulip reached extraordinarily high levels.3 min / Deep Erfurt latrine disasterOn 26 July 1184, in the German city of Erfurt, approximately sixty local nobles died when the floor of a building collapsed through the ground floor and into the latrine cesspit below.2 min / Medium Anglo-Zanzibar WarThe Anglo-Zanzibar War was a military conflict fought between the United Kingdom and the Sultanate of Zanzibar on 27 August 1896.3 min / Deep Battle of Castle ItterThe Battle of Castle Itter was fought on 5 May 1945, in the Austrian village of Itter in the North Tyrol region of the country, during the last days of the European Theater of World War II.3 min / Deep Battle of KaránsebesThe Battle of Karánsebes (Turkish: Şebeş Muharebesi; German: Rückzug von Karánsebes; Hungarian: Karánsebesi csata; Romanian: Bătălia de la Caransebeș) was a friendly fire incident in the Austrian army, occurring during the night of 21–22 September 1788, during the Austro-Turkish War of 1788–1791.3 min / Deep Battle of Los AngelesThe Battle of Los Angeles, also known as the Great Los Angeles Air Raid, is the name given by contemporary sources to a rumored attack on the continental United States by Imperial Japan and the subsequent anti-aircraft artillery barrage which took place from late February 24, to early February 25, 1942, over Los Angeles, California.3 min / Deep Cadaver SynodThe Cadaver Synod (also called the Cadaver Trial; Latin: Synodus Horrenda) is the name commonly given to the ecclesiastical trial of Pope Formosus, who had been dead for about nine months, in the Basilica of St.3 min / Deep Christmas truceThe Christmas truce was a series of widespread unofficial ceasefires mainly along the Western Front of the First World War around Christmas in 1914.3 min / Deep Cod WarsThe Cod Wars (Icelandic: Þorskastríðin; also known as Landhelgisstríðin, lit.3 min / Deep Dancing maniaDancing mania (also known as dancing plague, choreomania, St.3 min / Deep History: DefenestrationDefenestration (from Neo-Latin de fenestrā) is the act of throwing someone or something out of a window.3 min / Deep Defenestrations of PragueThe Defenestrations of Prague (Czech: Pražské defenestrace, German: Prager Fenstersturz, Latin: Defenestratio Pragensis) were three incidents in the history of Bohemia in which people were defenestrated (thrown out of a window).3 min / Deep Demon coreThe demon core was a sphere of plutonium–gallium alloy that was involved in two fatal radiation accidents when scientists tested it as a fissile core of an early atomic bomb.3 min / Deep Emu WarThe Emu War (or Great Emu War) was a nuisance wildlife management operation undertaken by the Australian Army in late 1932.3 min / Deep Football WarThe Football War (Spanish: guerra del fútbol), also known as the Soccer War or the 100 Hour War, was a brief military conflict fought between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969.3 min / Deep Ghost ArmyThe Ghost Army was a United States Army tactical deception unit during World War II officially known as the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops.3 min / Deep Great Hanoi Rat MassacreThe Great Hanoi Rat Massacre (Vietnamese: Đại thảm sát chuột ở Hà Nội; chữ Nôm: 大慘殺𤝞於河內; French: Massacre des rats de Hanoï) occurred in 1902, in Hanoi, Tonkin, French Indochina (present day Hanoi, Vietnam), when the French government authorities attempted to control the rat population of the city by hunting them down.3 min / Deep Inland Customs LineThe Inland Customs Line, incorporating the Great Hedge of India (or Indian Salt Hedge), was a customs barrier built by the British colonial rulers of India to prevent smuggling of salt from coastal regions in order to avoid the substantial salt tax.3 min / Deep Great Moon HoaxThe "Great Moon Hoax", also known as the "Great Moon Hoax of 1835", was a series of six articles published in The Sun (a New York newspaper), beginning on August 25, 1835, about the supposed discovery of life and civilization on the Moon.3 min / Deep Great StinkThe Great Stink was an event in Central London during July and August 1858 in which the hot weather exacerbated the smell of untreated human waste and industrial effluent that was present on the banks of the River Thames.3 min / Deep Incident at PetrichThe Incident at Petrich (Greek: Επεισόδιο του Πετριτσίου; Bulgarian: Петрички инцидент), or the War of the Stray Dog (Greek: Πόλεμος του αδέσποτου σκύλου; Bulgarian: Войната на бездомното куче) , was a Greek–Bulgarian crisis in 1925 that resulted in a brief invasion of Bulgaria by Greece near the border town of Petrich.3 min / Deep London Beer FloodThe London Beer Flood was an accident at Meux & Co's Horse Shoe Brewery, London, on 17 October 1814.3 min / Deep New England vampire panicThe New England vampire panic was the reaction to an outbreak of tuberculosis in the late 18th and 19th centuries throughout Rhode Island, eastern Connecticut, southern Massachusetts, Vermont, and other areas of the New England states.3 min / Deep Nika riotsThe Nika riots (Greek: Στάσις τοῦ Νίκα, romanized: Stásis toû Níka), Nika revolt or Nika sedition took place against Byzantine emperor Justinian I in Constantinople over the course of a week in 532 AD.3 min / Deep Pig War (1859)The Pig War was a confrontation in 1859 between the United States and the United Kingdom over the British–U.S. border in the San Juan Islands, between Vancouver Island (present-day Canada) and the Washington Territory (present-day State of Washington).3 min / Deep Piltdown ManThe Piltdown Man was a paleoanthropological fraud in which bone fragments were presented as the fossilised remains of a previously unknown early human.3 min / Deep Project AzorianProject Azorian (also called "Jennifer" by the press after its Top Secret Security Compartment) was a U.S.3 min / Deep Radium GirlsThe Radium Girls were female factory workers who contracted radiation poisoning from painting radium dials – watch dials and hands with self-luminous paint.3 min / Deep Salem witch trialsThe Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693.3 min / Deep Dancing plague of 1518Hundreds of people reportedly danced for days in Strasbourg during a strange outbreak.10 min / Easy London Beer FloodA brewery vat burst and sent a wave of beer through London streets.7 min / Easy Cadaver SynodA dead pope was put on trial in one of medieval history's strangest spectacles.8 min / Easy Demon coreA plutonium core was involved in two fatal criticality accidents at Los Alamos.9 min / Medium Great StinkVictorian London's unbearable sewage crisis pushed the city toward modern sanitation.8 min / Easy Defenestrations of PraguePeople thrown from Prague windows helped ignite major European political crises.9 min / Medium New England vampire panicTuberculosis, folklore, and exhumations collided in rural New England.8 min / Easy Great Moon HoaxA newspaper series convinced readers that astronomers had found life on the Moon.8 min / Easy Piltdown ManA fraudulent fossil misled paleoanthropology for decades before being exposed.9 min / Medium The War of the Worlds (1938 radio drama)A radio adaptation became infamous for panic stories and media mythology.8 min / Easy Emu WarAustralia's unusual military operation against crop-damaging emus became a comic legend.7 min / Easy Toledo WarOhio and Michigan nearly fought over a strip of disputed borderland.7 min / Easy Pig War (1859)A dead pig nearly triggered a military conflict between Britain and the United States.7 min / Easy War of Jenkins' EarA severed ear became shorthand for a strange imperial war origin story.8 min / Easy Battle of KaransebesA reported friendly-fire disaster became one of military history's strangest stories.7 min / Easy Christmas truceSoldiers on the Western Front briefly crossed lines during World War I.8 min / Easy Dancing maniaMedieval outbreaks of compulsive dancing blurred medicine, religion, and crowd behavior.9 min / Medium Salem witch trialsFear, testimony, and social pressure drove deadly witchcraft accusations in colonial Massachusetts.11 min / Medium Bone WarsTwo rival paleontologists turned fossil hunting into a ruthless scientific feud.9 min / Easy Great Hedge of IndiaA vast living barrier once enforced a colonial salt tax across India.8 min / Easy War of the BucketA wooden bucket became the emblem of a conflict between Italian city-states.7 min / Easy 1904 Summer Olympics marathonHeat, dust, brandy, strychnine, and chaos made one marathon unforgettable.8 min / Easy DefenestrationThe political habit of throwing people from windows has its own historical pattern.7 min / Easy The Great ExhibitionA glass palace, global displays, and industrial confidence defined Victorian ambition.9 min / Easy Cod WarsIceland and the United Kingdom repeatedly confronted each other over fishing limits in the North Atlantic.9 min / Medium Football WarLongstanding tensions between El Salvador and Honduras erupted into a brief war associated with World Cup qualifiers.9 min / Medium War of the Stray DogA border incident involving a soldier and a dog helped trigger a 1925 clash between Greece and Bulgaria.7 min / Easy Ghost ArmyAn American tactical deception unit used inflatable equipment, sound effects, and radio traffic to mislead enemy forces.8 min / Easy Operation Paul BunyanA fatal confrontation in the Korean Demilitarized Zone led to an overwhelming show of force around one tree.8 min / Easy Project AzorianThe CIA built a specialized ship for a covert attempt to recover a sunken Soviet submarine.10 min / Medium Acoustic KittyA Cold War surveillance experiment explored whether a cat could carry listening equipment near foreign officials.7 min / Easy Radium GirlsFactory workers poisoned by luminous paint transformed labor law and occupational safety standards.10 min / Medium Great Hanoi Rat MassacreA colonial bounty intended to eliminate rats instead created an inventive underground market.7 min / Easy Nika riotsChariot factions, imperial politics, and urban anger nearly overthrew Justinian I in Constantinople.10 min / Medium Battle of Los AngelesWartime nerves and an unidentified target prompted a massive antiaircraft barrage over Los Angeles in 1942.8 min / Easy Tanganyika laughter epidemicAn outbreak of uncontrollable laughter spread among communities in Tanganyika during 1962.8 min / Easy